The Network Lock Manager ( NLM) protocol is an extension of NFS versions 2 and 3, which provides a System V style of advisory file and record locking over the network. ONC RPC was originally developed by Sun Microsystems and can also be referred to as Sun RPC. NFS uses Open Network Computing (ONC) Remote Procedure Call (RPC) to exchange control messages. Additionally, IP/UID/GID/Kerberos security can be used. Different access levels and permissions can be set on the share, such as read-write and read-only. NFS allows users to access remote file shares in the same way that the local file system is accessed. Version 4 was developed by the IETF and is documented in RFC 3010 (released December 2000) and revised in RFC 3530 (released April 2003) and RFC 7530 (released March 2015). NFS is a network file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984. One of these modules is called Network File System (NFS). Microsoft Windows ships with several network features designed to communicate and interact with non-Windows files shares. Unsuccessful exploitation results in a crash of the target system. Successful exploitation may result in arbitrary code execution under the context of SYSTEM. The vulnerability is due to improper handling of crafted RPC responses to Portmap requests made by the Network Lock Manager (NLM) RPC program.Ī remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious RPC calls to a target server. Using exploit protection software is a good idea when trying to protect against undocumented (zero-day) vulnerabilities.A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Windows Network File System. However, this does not guarantee that an application may still not be vulnerable. Having application developers use secure programming practices can greatly reduce the chance of exploitable overflows within software applications. If malware is installed, it will need to be removed using an antivirus or anti-malware program. Successful exploitation of an overflow by an attacker can allow arbitrary code execution which can lead to malware installation. Most of the time, a buffer overflow raises a memory access violation, causing the application where the overflow occurred to crash. When an overflow vulnerability is documented but there is no patch from the software vendor, the best thing to do is disable or uninstall the software until the overflow vulnerability has been fixed with a patch from the vendor. For this reason, it is always important to use software from trusted vendors along with exploit protection software. Unfortunately, many times when this happens the vendor only learns of an overflow after it has been abused by malware authors and cybercriminals. However, in some cases a vendor is unaware of the overflow vulnerability affecting their software. Associated familiesĪpplication vendors with potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities in their software typically issue patches as a remedy. However, overflow exploits can also be delivered in other ways that do not require any user interaction, including sending malformed data to the listening port on an enterprise server application. Overflows are seen in exploits targeting web applications and are delivered on the web mostly through exploit kits. In the simplest scenario using the stack, an overflow overwrites data on the stack to include the return pointer, having it point to an address where an attacker’s code will be executed. Today, buffer overflows still occur in software applications, and their exploitability can depend on several different factors, including compilers and/or compiler options used, along with the security features of the operating system. However, it wasn’t until the late 1980s that the first documented case of exploiting a buffer overflow had occurred, where the UNIX “finger” service was exploited with a stack overflow to further spread the Morris worm. Historyīuffer overflows date back to the 1970s. In software exploit code, two common areas that are targeted for overflows are the stack and the heap. A buffer overflow is a type of software vulnerability that exists when an area of memory within a software application reaches its address boundary and writes into an adjacent memory region.
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